Bilateral Hydronephrosis: Etiology and Imaging
Bilateral hydronephrosis means dilatation of the bilateral collecting system, renal pelvis and ureters.
It develops due to urinary obstruction. Renal stone is the most common cause.
Ultrasound is the first imaging modality of choice to screen.
CT Urography is the best investigation, subject to renal functions are within normal limits.
MR Urography is a good investigation in the pediatric age group and those who have compromised renal functions.
MCU (micturating Cysto uretherogram), is most commonly done in pediatric population to demonstrate VUR.
Various causes:
1. Vesico ureteral reflux (VUR)
2. Bladder outlet obstruction - Prostatomegaly / urethral stricture / prostatic uretheral calculus / urethral mass / posterior urethral valves
3. Over distended bladder
4. Cystocele
5. Bladder mass with involvement of both VUJ
6. Neurogenic bladder
7. Post op after neo-bladder reconstruction
8. Retroperitoneal mass or other malignant mass
9. Deep Endometriosis
10. Bilateral ureteric calculus
11. Bladder exstrophy
Prepared by Dr. Sharad Maheshwari
10.11.2022
Updated: 08.04.2023
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